In 43 states, people with criminal histories suffer 46K+ collateral consequences indefinitely after serving their societal debt. They are locked out of employment, public assistance, housing, volunteering, education, voting, jury duty, professional licensing, and tens of thousands more opportunities.

In nearly all states, a person with a criminal history and/or under supervision can be denied life insurance coverage. For grossly affected groups like those Black, brown, and poor whites, this can perpetuate generational poverty.

Laws in 48 states ban or restrict people with felony convictions from voting. In 2022, an estimated 4.6 million Americans, representing 2 percent of the voting-age population, will be ineligible to vote due to these laws or policies. Nearly 15% of the Black population is impacted.